Mental health issues in war-affected children include depression, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and neurological problems, among others. Many children also suffer psychosocial distress stemming from problems such as family separation, displacement, loss of family and home, sexual abuse and violence, recruitment into armed forces or groups, trafficking, and HIV and AIDS, among others. Current research and practice indicate the value of a strengths-based approach that supports children's resilience and supports a positive environment for children.
This paper analyzes how community-based child protection mechanisms are a cornerstone of prevention efforts, and views community-based action as a particularly valuable source for strengths-based support for war-affected children. It shows how collective planning and action on behalf of vulnerable children create high levels of community ownership and effective, sustainable supports for children. This report also suggests that significant work is needed in strengthening the evidence base regarding the effectiveness of strengths-based approaches and in transforming practice away from expert-driven approaches toward community-driven action.