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Executive Summary
The National Gender and Equality Commission (NGEC) is an independent Constitutional Commission with the mandate of promoting gender equality and freedom from discrimination in compliance with Article 27 of the Constitution. The constitution in Article 56 requires state to design programmes that ensure minorities and marginalized communities are represented in governance and all other spheres such as education, economic activities, and employment among others.
As part of its mandate the Commission undertook a study whose primary objective is to identify…
This report presents the results of a scientific research on the topic of Social Exclusion of Vulnerable Youth, commissioned by SOS Children’s Villages Netherlands and conducted by researchers of the Amsterdam Institute of Social Science Research (AISSR) at the University of Amsterdam, in collaboration with local counterparts within the six study countries. The purpose of the research is to identify and understand the multi-dimensional drivers of social exclusion of vulnerable youth, which concerns youth who have lost, or are at risk of losing parental care.
Specifically, the objective of…
The Orphaned and Separated Children’s Assessments Related to their Health and Well-Being Project is a 5-year cohort of orphaned children and adolescents aged ≤18 year. This descriptive analysis was restricted to baseline data. Chi-Square test was used to test for associations between categorical /dichotomous variables. Fisher’s exact test was also used if some cells had expected value of less than 5. The authors applied a human rights framework using the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child to understand what extent children’s basic human…
This study aims to determine the prevalence of maltreatment experienced by institutionalized children prior to their admission to Charitable Children's Institutions (orphanages) in western Kenya, and to describe their socio-demographic characteristics, reasons for admission, and the factors associated with prior experiences of maltreatment. A systematic file review was undertaken in five CCIs. Demographic, prior caregiving settings and maltreatment data were extracted. Forms of maltreatment were recorded according to WHO and ISPCAN guidelines. Logistic regression was used in bivariate…
This policy brief from the World Bank provides an overview of cash transfers in African countries. The brief defines “cash transfers” and their uses. The brief also lists key design elements of cash transfer programs in Africa, including the opportunities for innovation that cash transfer programs create, the accountability mechanisms in place, and the monitoring and evaluation. The brief highlights the differences between conditional and unconditional transfers and cash and non-cash transfers and the evidence on whether conditional or unconditional transfers are a better model. The brief…
This report - produced by SOS Children’s Villages, Centre for Excellence for Looked After Children in Scotland, and the University of Malawi - is based on a synthesis of eight assessments of the implementation of the Guidelines for the Alternative Care of Children (“the Guidelines”) in Benin, Gambia, Kenya, Malawi, Tanzania, Togo, Zambia and Zimbabwe.
It considers common challenges to implementing the Guidelines identified in the eight countries and provides a platform for effective advocacy to promote every child’s right to quality care. At the end of each chapter, the report provides…
Research was conducted in five Rift Valley towns (Eldoret, Kitale, Molo, Nakuru, and Naivash) in Kenya in 2011 to understand the link between emergencies and the perceived increase of children joining the streets. The findings are based on interviews with 3,138 children, of whom 2,696 were directly connected with the streets.
Findings show that food insecurity is one of the biggest factors (59%) that cause children to drop out of school and gravitate toward the streets to find food and earn money. Other major factors identified included abuse at home (23%), particularly when…
Recent consultations undertaken by the ILO in Kenya, the Philippines and Guatemala have confirmed that there is little awareness about child labour issues among indigenous peoples; that previous child labour studies and research largely ignore indigenous communities; and that few programmes and projects address indigenous child labour.
It has, however, also become increasingly clear that indigenous children are disproportionately affected by the worst forms of child labour. Specific approaches are needed to effectively combat child labour among indigenous peoples.
The following…
Of an estimated 15 million Kenyan children, approximately 1.7 million are orphans. About one-third of them are barely able to comprehend their loss, having not reached five years of age. 650,000 have lost their parents due to AIDS. Moreover, the number of orphans is projected to grow to 2.5 million by 2010, with 500,000 of these children having lost both parents.
Behind the numbers are courageous efforts by Kenyans around the country to absorb children orphaned or made vulnerable by HIV/AIDS (OVCs) into traditional extended family systems. Grand-mothers, aunts and uncles, among others,…
We examine the impact of orphanhood on children’s school enrollment in 10 Sub-Saharan African countries. Although poorer children in Africa are less likely to attend school, the lower enrollment of orphans is not accounted for solely by their poverty. We find orphans are less likely to be enrolled than are non-orphans with whom they live. Consistent with Hamilton’s Rule, the theory that the closeness of biological ties governs altruistic behavior, outcomes for orphans depend on the relatedness of orphans to their household heads. The lower enrollment of orphans is largely explained caregivers…