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Abstract:
Background:
There is growing awareness that a proportion of children in orphanages have been recruited or transferred into the facility for a purpose of exploitation and/or profit. These children are often falsely presented as orphans to evoke sympathy and solicit funding. This process is known as orphanage trafficking. Although orphanage trafficking can be prosecuted under legal frameworks in some jurisdictions, including Cambodia, there have been limited prosecutions to date. One factor that likely contributes to a lack of prosecution is poor detection, yet the indicators of…
Results from the Enhancing Identification, Prosecution and Prevention of Orphanage Trafficking Study in Cambodia.
Related:
This is a list of indicators of acts: Unlawful Removal, Recruitment, and Transfer of a Child into a Residential Care Institution
Related:
ការសិកសាស្រវជ្រវនះត្រូវធ្វើឡើងជាផ្នកមួយនគម្រងស្រវជ្រវពហុប្រទស ដលមានច្រើន ដំណាក់កាល ដលត្រូវបានរចនាឡើង ដើមបីពង្រឹងការកំណត់អត្តសញ្ញណ ការផ្ដន្ទទោស និងការទប់ស្កត់ បទល្មើសជួញដូរកុមារក្នុងមណ្ឌលកុមារកំព្រ។ការសិកសាស្រវជ្រវនះគឺជាដំណាក់កាលទីពីរនដំណាក់កាល ទាំងបួន ដលត្រូវធ្វើនៅកម្ពុជា ក្នុងនាមជាប្រទសមួយក្នុងចំណោមប្រទសចំនួនបី ដលត្រូវបានជ្រើស រើសមកធ្វើជាកម្មវត្ថុនការសិកសាស្រវជ្រវនះ។ ដំណាក់កាលទីពីរនគម្រងនះគឺជាការស្រវជ្រវលើ ផ្នកសង្គម និងផ្នកចបាប់ ដលត្រូវបានរចនាឡើង ដើមបីពិនិតយមើលការអនុវត្តជាក់ស្ដងនូវក្របខណ្ឌចបាប់ សម្រប់ការផ្ដន្ទទោសអំពើជួញដូរកុមារក្នុងមណ្ឌលកុមារកំព្រនៅកម្ពុជា។ ជាពិសស ការសិកសាស្រវជ្រវ…
This study was conducted as a part of a multi-stage, multi-country project designed to enhance the identification, prosecution, and prevention of orphanage trafficking crimes. It was the second of four stages to be conducted in Cambodia as one of three jurisdictions included in the study.
This second stage of the project comprised socio-legal empirical research designed to examine the in-situ application of the legal framework for prosecuting orphanage trafficking in Cambodia. Specifically, the study sought to identify how cases, where orphanage trafficking and exploitation were indicated…
Implementing the Legal Framework for the Prosecution of Orphanage Trafficking: A Cambodia Case Study
This study was conducted as a part of a multi-stage, multi-country project designed to enhance the identification, prosecution, and prevention of orphanage trafficking crimes. It was the second of four stages to be conducted in Cambodia as one of three jurisdictions included in the study.
This second stage of the study comprised socio-legal empirical research designed to examine the in-situ application of the legal framework for prosecuting orphanage trafficking in Cambodia. Specifically, the study sought to identify how cases, where orphanage trafficking and exploitation were indicated,…
The trafficking of children into orphanages in Cambodia was originally associated with fraudulent intercountry adoptions in the late 1990s. Orphanages were a transit destination where trafficked infants would be transferred, harboured and represented as orphans eligible for intercountry adoption. Each child would attract fees of up to USD $20,000 paid by adoptive parents. A number of stakeholders profit from this practice, including adoption agencies, brokers, buyers, child recruiters, officials involved in issuing fraudulent documentation and the directors of the institutions where children…
Orphanage trafficking involves the recruitment and/or transfer of children to residential care institutions for a purpose of exploitation and profit. It typically takes place in lower- and middle-income countries where child protection services systems are highly privatised, under-regulated, and primarily funded by overseas sources. In such circumstances, residential care is used prolifically and inappropriately as a response to child vulnerability, including a lack of access to education.
This study assesses and maps the legal, policy and procedural frameworks in both domestic and…
ABSTRACT
This paper examines the lived experiences of children who interacted with tourists in a performance-based orphanage in Siem Reap, Cambodia. The orphanage was perceived by poor Cambodians as the only opportunity for their children to access food and education and a place to care for children when parents migrated for work. In recent years, however, orphanages in the majority world have come under increasing international pressure because many are associated with children’s rights abuses. As a result, the Cambodian Government committed to closing many orphanages and reintegrating 30…
This column from Volume 23 of the American University Washington College of Law Human Rights Brief explores the links between child abuse in Cambodian orphanages and tourism, including the overlap between orphanage tourism and sex tourism. The column notes that "despite there being fewer orphans, the number of orphanages and children living in orphanages has doubled" and that "many low income families are persuaded by institution directors to place their children in residential care facilities, thinking that their children will have better lives there, with access to food, education…