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Abstract:
Background:
There is growing awareness that a proportion of children in orphanages have been recruited or transferred into the facility for a purpose of exploitation and/or profit. These children are often falsely presented as orphans to evoke sympathy and solicit funding. This process is known as orphanage trafficking. Although orphanage trafficking can be prosecuted under legal frameworks in some jurisdictions, including Cambodia, there have been limited prosecutions to date. One factor that likely contributes to a lack of prosecution is poor detection, yet the indicators of…
This is a list of indicators of acts: Unlawful Removal, Recruitment, and Transfer of a Child into a Residential Care Institution
Related:
The trafficking of children into orphanages in Cambodia was originally associated with fraudulent intercountry adoptions in the late 1990s. Orphanages were a transit destination where trafficked infants would be transferred, harboured and represented as orphans eligible for intercountry adoption. Each child would attract fees of up to USD $20,000 paid by adoptive parents. A number of stakeholders profit from this practice, including adoption agencies, brokers, buyers, child recruiters, officials involved in issuing fraudulent documentation and the directors of the institutions where children…
Orphanage trafficking involves the recruitment and/or transfer of children to residential care institutions for a purpose of exploitation and profit. It typically takes place in lower- and middle-income countries where child protection services systems are highly privatised, under-regulated, and primarily funded by overseas sources. In such circumstances, residential care is used prolifically and inappropriately as a response to child vulnerability, including a lack of access to education.
This study assesses and maps the legal, policy and procedural frameworks in both domestic and…
ABSTRACT
This paper examines the lived experiences of children who interacted with tourists in a performance-based orphanage in Siem Reap, Cambodia. The orphanage was perceived by poor Cambodians as the only opportunity for their children to access food and education and a place to care for children when parents migrated for work. In recent years, however, orphanages in the majority world have come under increasing international pressure because many are associated with children’s rights abuses. As a result, the Cambodian Government committed to closing many orphanages and reintegrating 30…
This report (in Khmer) provides in-depth analysis of programs of 7 different NGOs in Cambodia working on the prevention of family separation and family preservation in order to respond to risks related to physical and mental well-being and domestic violence. The report also provides analysis on the good practices, gaps, challenges and opportunities of these NGOs’ programs. The study provides recommendations for the Ministry of Social Affairs, Veterans and Youth Rehabilitation (MoSVY) to consider developing national standards or guidelines for NGOs and development partners to…
This report provides in-depth analysis of programs of 7 different NGOs in Cambodia working on the prevention of family separation and family preservation in order to respond to risks related to physical and mental well-being and domestic violence. The report also provides analysis on the good practices, gaps, challenges and opportunities of these NGOs’ programs. The study provides recommendations for the Ministry of Social Affairs, Veterans and Youth Rehabilitation (MoSVY) to consider developing national standards or guidelines for NGOs and development partners to continue…
This column from Volume 23 of the American University Washington College of Law Human Rights Brief explores the links between child abuse in Cambodian orphanages and tourism, including the overlap between orphanage tourism and sex tourism. The column notes that "despite there being fewer orphans, the number of orphanages and children living in orphanages has doubled" and that "many low income families are persuaded by institution directors to place their children in residential care facilities, thinking that their children will have better lives there, with access to food, education…
Abstract
This article explores the perspectives of Cambodian boys who have experienced human trafficking and sexual exploitation on their experiences transitioning out of shelters and re‐entering the community. We used an interpretive phenomenological approach to analyse 81 interviews and narrative summaries of interviews drawn from Chab Dai's 10‐year longitudinal study with survivors in Cambodia (n = 22). Themes included: minimal involvement in planning for re/integration; conflicted feelings about life in the community; challenges completing school and securing…
In this video, Sreyna and Chenda, two practitioners from Hagar Cambodia, discuss their learning regarding the impact of the care setting on child rehabilitation. By comparing the differences observed in the rehabilitation process for children supported in Hagar’s family-based care versus in their shelters, Sreyna and Chenda outline the rationale for Hagar’s decision to close their shelters and expand their family-based care and community rehabilitation programs. Sreyna and Chenda further discuss the difference between employing an individual versus ecological and family systems approach to…