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No ano de 2019, o mundo foi assolado pela eclosão do novo Coronavírus com os primeiros casos detectados na China. Logo após a sua detecção, no decurso do primeiro trimestre de 2020, dado o seu alto nível de contaminação, o Coronavírus rapidamente se espalhou pelo Mundo, levando a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) a declará-la pandemia. Em África, o Coronavírus chegou de forma tímida, mas, rapidamente alastrou-se por diversos países incluindo Moçambique. O primeiro caso de Coronavírus no País foi revelado a 22 de Março de 2020 pelas autoridades sanitárias tendo nos dias subsequentes anunciado…
Five years ago, on 2 September 2015, three-year-old Alan Kurdi lost his life just off the Turkish coast. Images of his dead body have become a tragic symbol of the so-called ‘refugee crisis’, when over 1 million refugees and migrants, a third of whom were children, entered Europe. His drowning was expected to inspire new measures to protect migrant and refugee children. Instead, as this report shows, five years later refugee and migrant children are often worse off. The place where they continue to be most at risk is on Europe’s external border, where Alan Kurdi tragically lost his life.…
These Guidelines are for all persons taking care of children. The goal of these Guidelines is to empower parents, the family and community structures to effectively nurture children so that they can realise their full potential.
There is nothing natural or automatic about trust. Trust grows and develops in every individual and is shaped by the environment in which a person interacts with other people (Eisenhower & Blacher, 2006). In the circumstance where young children are exposed to violence, repression and other violations, mistrust against others can develop in children (Fink, 2001). This report focuses on trust relations of Eritrean minors who arrived without the company of their parents to The Netherlands and the people who are taking care of them. The people who take care of them are legally appointed by…
This report from Kids Empowerment reviews the reception of children on the move in South Africa. The report provides an overview of the application of international law in domestic law in South Africa as regards migrant children, explains the current reception process of children on the move, reviews the role of the child protection system in receiving migrant children (including the appointment and responsibilities of guardians), describes family reunification processes such (including family tracing), and outlines placement types and options for migrant children (including temporary…
This report presents findings from an assessment of Kenya's implementation of the UN Guidelines for the Alternative Care of Children. The research conducted by SOS Children’s Villages found that despite high levels of child abuse and a concerted response to address this by the government, there remain legal gaps and concerns related to alternative care: including lack of coordination of legislation and services for children; a high number of children in unsupported and poorly monitored informal care; limited information collection or inspection of childcare facilities; and…
Audit of the Frameworks for the Regulation of Legal Guardianship of Children Under International Law
Abstract
Since the adoption of the Geneva Declaration on the Rights of the Child in 1924, much advancement has been made on the international protection of the rights of children internationally, with the adoption of the CRC and the ACRW. These instruments require states to give specific and special legal protection to children without parental care. The stipulation is found in various provisions of the Declaration on the Rights of the Child, the CRC and the ACRWC. The UN Guidelines for the Alternative Care of Children (the Guidelines), which was adopted by the UN General Assembly in 2010…
This brief reference surveys the national policy of three representative African countries on the legal guardianship of children who are without parents or families. Focusing on the widely varying legal systems of Côte d’Ivoire, South Africa, and Uganda, the authors highlight guardianship as emblematic of the continent’s shortcomings in child protection laws. The book’s key objective is bridging the communal aspects of traditional African society with the global standards set forth by the Convention on the Rights of the Child and other international entities. To this end, the three frameworks…
This technical assessment report requested by the Department of Children’s Services (DCS) in the Ministry of Gender, Children and Social Development in conjunction with UNICEF, uses a transformative social protection framework adapted for studying the provisions and practice in alternative care and adoption. It has taken due cognizance of the Kenya Vision 2030 and its transformative agenda which under the social pillar is to build ‘a just and cohesive society with social equity in a clean and secure environment’ and by 2012 to increase opportunities for all disadvantaged groups and to achieve…
This chapter discusses the practice of child circulation in Ghana. Coe notes that in Ghana, child circulation is not meant to break a child’s connection with biological parents. It is meant to increase the child’s social connections and support structure. Per Coe, when Ghanaians go abroad, they often look to place their children in other households, generally in the homes of people not related to them in the country of migration. Traditionally in Ghana, children are known to belong to multiple mothers and fathers.
Coe discusses the two types of circulation associated with…