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This report includes a literature, evidentiary, and policy review of social protection in the Eastern and Southern African Region. According to this report, an estimated 1.2 million HIV-positive children and adolescents live in the Eastern and Southern African region. Most of these children face struggles in maintaining antiretroviral therapy adherence and receiving HIV-related services. In the literature review, there is a recognition of the tremendous amount of resilience found in HIV-infected children and adolescents as they negotiate and navigate support. This report stresses the need for…
Cette déclaration a été développée à partir d’un ensemble grandissant de pratiques et de faits probants sur le renforcement des systèmes de protection de l’enfance en Afrique subsaharienne1 et s’inspire du dialogue et des résultats d’une conférence interinstitutionnelle sur le sujet qui a eu lieu à Dakar au Sénégal en mai 2012.
Son objectif est (i) de présenter une vision commune des systèmes de protection de l’enfance en Afrique subsaharienne et d’expliquer pourquoi ils sont importants et méritent des investissements et (ii) lancer un appel à l’action auprès des…
Children’s experiences of poverty and vulnerability are multidimensional and differ from those of adults. Children undergo complex physical, psychological and intellectual development as they grow, and are also often more vulnerable to mal-nutrition, disease, abuse and exploitation than adults. Their dependency on adults to support and protect them means that loss of family care is a significant risk, particularly in the context of conflict, humanitarian crises, and HIV and AIDS. Intra-household discrimination can also result in child poverty and hunger, lack of access to ser-vices, and abuse…
Divergent views on how to conceptualize, formulate and deliver social protection continue to draw healthy debate, both in global policy circles as well as within the resource constrained, operational settings of many African and Asian countries. In the midst of these discussions, certain trends in thinking have begun to emerge.
First, social transfers (e.g. cash, food and other in-kind transfers) are a key component of social protection and have a central role in contributing to the protection, care and support of vulnerable children. The predecessor to this advocacy brief (see box at…
This report focuses on the social protection aspects of children’s property and inheritance rights in southern and eastern Africa. The introduction summarizes the findings of the author’s previous report for FAO on the legal aspects of children’s property and inheritance rights, and it discusses the findings of the current report.
The second section discusses the bi-directional relationship between HIV/AIDS and agriculture, food security, and rural livelihoods (including the relationship between HIV/AIDS and children’s property and inheritance rights). The report also considers the factors…
The vulnerability of children varies as a result of many, interrelated factors, including age, gender, family care, poverty, disability, violence and food security among others. The AIDS epidemic increases children’s vulnerability in many tragic ways. A child’s vulnerability increases as a direct result of his or her own positive HIV status or because of the HIV infection, illness and death of a parent that results in loss of care, nurturing, income and other basic needs. Most often, the direct affects of AIDS create vulnerability both for the child and for the household. In high…
There has been a broad and growing recognition of the need to intensify and accelerate actions towards universal access to comprehensive prevention, treatment, care and support. Commitment to attaining this goal by 2010 was affirmed by Heads of State and Governments and their representatives participating in the 2006 High-Level Meeting on AIDS held at the United Nations in New York, 31 May-2 June 2006 and by the declaration to this commitment by the AU heads of state in Abuja in the same year. This calls for the involvement and alignment of Orphans and Vulnerable Children (OVC) response…
The Regional Strategic Framework for the Protection, Care and Support of Children Affected by HIV/AIDS provides guidance to the eight member States of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) for a consistent approach across South Asia to protect, care and support children affected by HIV/AIDS. Between 2.3 and 3.7 million people in the SAARC region are estimated to be HIV positive. HIV/AIDS affects children in all parts of the SAARC.
It locates children affected by HIV/AIDS within the broader group of children in difficult circumstances, and focuses on delivering an…
In countries where the AIDS epidemic has struck hardest, traditional family and community coping mechanisms for children are under considerable strain. Women and older people often bear the bulk of the caring. This is particularly evident in sub-Saharan Africa, where children who have lost one or both parents often live in households headed by older carers who have low levels of education and are thus unlikely to have a regular source of income.
For children affected by HIV and AIDS, the risks of poverty and loss of livelihood are compounded by the risk of losing family care - their first…
The past six years have seen increasing engagement by the international community on HIV, AIDS and children. One of the eight Millennium Development Goals set by governments in 2000 relates directly to HIV and AIDS. In 2001, at the United Nations General Assembly Special Session on HIV/AIDS, governments pledged to protect children affected by the disease. Global commitment to combat the impact of HIV and AIDS on children was again outlined in 2002 in ‘A World Fit for Children’, the outcome document of the UN General Assembly Special Session on Children. More recently, in June 2006, the UN…