This report reviews the faltering progress made in childcare reform across Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union over the 15 years since the ‘orphanages’ of Romania were revealed to the world.

A comprehensive guide to conducting medical examinations, particularly age determination tests, in medico-legal cases of child victims of trafficking and commercial sexual exploitation.

Operational standards and guidance for residential care facilities for girls and women survivors of trafficking and abuse. It covers administration and staff, confidentiality, care planning, responding to immediate and longer term support needs, psychosocial care, life skills and reintegration activities.

A comprehensive guide to the rescue, rehabilitation and reintegration of child victims of trafficking and commercial sexual exploitation.

Outlines the changing vulnerabilities of children in modern China. Underlines the problematic definition of vulnerability in child protection programmes and advocates holistic approaches that integrate child participation in decision-making.

Emphasizes the social dimensions of psychosocial support interventions, including participatory groupwork and a focus on reducing stigma and discrimination. Argues that psychological interventions such as counseling should never be a first step.

Documenting shifting attitudes on adoption in India. Highlights persistent difficulties in national policy reform.

A participatory report of concerns raised by children affected by HIV/AIDS in central China. Uses children’s responses to identify child vulnerabilities and suggest appropriate future action.

Focuses on the general principles and actions for developing children’s centres in China. Centres would help initiate national child protection services and children’s participation.

Examines the planning, coordination, and early implementation of UNICEF’s programme to demobilize and reintegrate war-affected youth in the context of Afghanistan’s reconstruction process.